Renewable Capacity Statistics 2023 released by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) confirms upward trend of renewables against declining new fossil fuel capacity.

The World Water Map can help us understand where and why water gaps arise, how climate change might aggravate them—and even how they might be managed.

Via https://flowingdata.com/2023/04/03/world-water-gap/

Learn how to create unit tests for scientific papers in Python using PyTest.

Have you also been in the situation where you need to write up your latest Raman spectra of ZnO?
And just exasperated at the thought of typing up all those mode assignments using LaTeX math notation (because honestly, it looks good).

I created this macro, \nonresmode{E2h}[E2l][long][diff], to make it easier to write.
Now all I have to do is write, for example, \nonresmode{A1LO}, and LaTeX does all the work and produces a nicely typeset label.

Here is some example LaTeX source:

Non-resonant Raman with green laser excitation (\qty{532}{\nm}).
All the observed Raman modes could be assigned to either a fundamental mode
(\nonresmode{E2l}[][long], \nonresmode{A1TO}, \nonresmode{E1TO}, \nonresmode{E2h}[][long],
\nonresmode{E1LO}, \nonresmode{A1LO}),  an overtone (\nonresmode{2E2l}[][long], \nonresmode{2E1LO},
\nonresmode{2A1LO}), a sum mode (\nonresmode{E2h}[E2l][long], \nonresmode{E2h}[2E2l][long],
\nonresmode{2E2h}[E2l][long], $2(\nonresmode{E2h}[E2l][long])$) or
a difference mode (\nonresmode{E2h}[E2l][long][diff]).

and the resulting output:

And here is the macro definitions (to avoid repeating the main "correspondence table" between the short-codes and the typeset text,
I opted to define multiple functions. I also made use of the beautiful macro by egreg that defines a case-like environment:

% defines a case environment
% code taken from a TeX.SE answer by egreg
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/451094/10824
% fantastic piece of code, works beautifully, for an arbitrary number of cases
\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewExpandableDocumentCommand{\stringcase}{mO{}m}{%
   \str_case_e:nnF { #1 } { #3 } { #2 }
}
\ExplSyntaxOff

% not meant to be exposed to user
\NewDocumentCommand{\NonResonantModesShort}{m}{%
   \stringcase{#1}[\textbf{??}]{%
      % note, \text{} inside math environment will obey font settings from
      % surrounding environment (e.g., bold) but \mathrm{} will not which
      % makes it better for this purpose
      % {shortcode}{LaTeX typeset text}
      {E2l}{\ensuremath{E_{2\mathrm{l}}}}%
      {A1TO}{\ensuremath{A_{1(\mathrm{TO})}}}%
      {E1TO}{\ensuremath{E_{1(\mathrm{TO})}}}%
      {E2h}{\ensuremath{E_{2\mathrm{h}}}}%
      {E1LO}{\ensuremath{E_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {A1LO}{\ensuremath{A_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {2E2l}{\ensuremath{2E_{2\mathrm{l}}}}%
      {2E2h}{\ensuremath{2E_{2\mathrm{h}}}}%
      {2E1LO}{\ensuremath{2E_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {2A1LO}{\ensuremath{2A_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
   }%
}

% not meant to be exposed to user
\NewDocumentCommand{\NonResonantModesLong}{m}{%
   \stringcase{#1}[\textbf{??}]{%
      {E2l}{\ensuremath{E_{2\mathrm{(low)}}}}%
      {A1TO}{\ensuremath{A_{1(\mathrm{TO})}}}%
      {E1TO}{\ensuremath{E_{1(\mathrm{TO})}}}%
      {E2h}{\ensuremath{E_{2\mathrm{(high)}}}}%
      {E1LO}{\ensuremath{E_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {A1LO}{\ensuremath{A_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {2E2l}{\ensuremath{2E_{2\mathrm{(low)}}}}%
      {2E2h}{\ensuremath{2E_{2\mathrm{(high)}}}}%
      {2E1LO}{\ensuremath{2E_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
      {2A1LO}{\ensuremath{2A_{1(\mathrm{LO})}}}%
   }%
}

% not meant to be exposed to user
\NewDocumentCommand{\NonResonantModesLogic}{m O{short}}{%
   \IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
      % arg #2 (optional) not given, proceed as "short"
      \NonResonantModesShort{#1}%
   }{%
      % arg #2 (optional) was given, check if it is "long"
      \ifthenelse{\equal{#2}{long}}{%
         % "long" was given
         \NonResonantModesLong{#1}%
      }{%
         % arg was given, but is not equal to "long"
         % check if it is "short"
         \ifthenelse{\equal{#2}{short}}{%
            \NonResonantModesShort{#1}%
         }{%
            % arg was neither "long" nor "short", something else
            \NonResonantModesShort{}%
         }%
      }%
   }%
}

% Non-resonant Raman modes of ZnO
% \nonresmode{E2h}[E2l][long][diff]
% Use \nonresmode like this:
% \nonresmode{E2l}              => E2l
% \nonresmode{E2l}[][long]      => E2low
% \nonresmode{}                 => ??
% \nonresmode                   => ERROR
% \nonresmode{E2l}[E2h]         => E2l+E2h
% \nonresmode{E2l}[E2h][][diff] => E2l-E2h
% \nonresmode{E2l}[E2h][long]   => E2low + E2high
% only specify optional arguments if necessary, i.e.,
% please don't do \nonresmode{E2l}[][][], but please do \nonresmode{E2l}
% remember, optional arg "o" will supply the special -NoValue- marker if not given
% the arg O{sum} is an optional arg with the default value "sum"
\NewDocumentCommand{\nonresmode}{m o O{short} O{sum}}{%
   \IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
      % no arg #2 was given, which means we are typesetting a single mode
      % if no arg #2 was given, then we can disregard #4
      \IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
         % this way, if #3 was not given, we avoid passing the special -NoValue- marker
         \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}%
      }{%
         % if #3 was given, pass it on, unless it was empty
         \ifthenelse{\isempty{#3}}{%
            \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}%
         }{%
            \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}[#3]%
         }%
      }%
   }{%
      % If optional arg #2 was given and is empty, perform the same code as if -NoValue-
      \ifthenelse{\isempty{#2}}{%
         \IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
            % this way, if #3 was not given, we avoid passing the special -NoValue- marker
            \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}%
         }{%
            % if #3 was given, pass it on, unless it was empty
            \ifthenelse{\isempty{#3}}{%
               \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}%
            }{%
               \NonResonantModesLogic{#1}[#3]%
            }%
         }%
      }{%
         % if #2 is not -NoValue- nor empty, then just assume that it is one of the mode shortcodes
         % (we don't try to check that it is in fact part of that set)
         % But first, determine if we are writing "sum" or "diff" modes
         % (note that we assume that #4 has a value, since it is the last arg we never expect it%
         % to be given explicitly empty)
         \ifthenelse{\equal{#4}{diff}}{%
            % Since #4 has a default, we can simplify this if-else to only check for "diff"
            % and we can then assume that the else-clause matches "sum"
            % But note that arg #3 may have been given explicity empty, [], thus overriding the default
            % so we must check for that
            \ifthenelse{\isempty{#3}}{%
               % Note, to get consistent spacing around the +/- sign whether the
               % call to \nonresmode{} is surrounded by math mode or not, it is
               % good to surround everything in ensuremath{} here
               % Also, for "short" mode, I want to kill the space surrounding the +/- sign
               % (to keep it compact, which is probably what the user wants in "short" mode)
               \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}{-}\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}}%
            }{%
               \ifthenelse{\equal{#3}{long}}{%
                  \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}[#3]-\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}[#3]}%
               }{%
                  \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}{-}\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}}%
               }%
            }%
         }{%
            \ifthenelse{\isempty{#3}}{%
               \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}{+}\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}}%
            }{%
               \ifthenelse{\equal{#3}{long}}{%
                  \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}[#3]+\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}[#3]}%
               }{%
                  \ensuremath{\NonResonantModesLogic{#1}{+}\NonResonantModesLogic{#2}}%
               }%
            }%
         }%
      }%
   }%
}

Could we cross-reference objects (tables, figures, etc.) that exist in the attached papers (whose code-base is foreign to the thesis) while also having these cross-references target the appropriate paper in the List of Papers, with the aid of the cleveref, caption and hyperref packages?

To clarify, for a compilation PhD thesis, where the thesis itself is created using LaTeX, but where the attached papers (hence the compilation part in the thesis) may or may not have been created using LaTeX (even if they were created using LaTeX, their codebase is not available to the thesis at runtime).

So we need to setup some sort of static list of manually created \label{}s, that should occupy a counter and namespace separate from the thesis' own figures, tables, etc.

Preamble, literally

Uppsala university has a thesis template (my version, LuaLaTeX-based) that defines a listofpapers environment (the details of which are not important right now) that allows us to create a List of Papers and easily assign a label for each paper, like this:

\begin{listofpapers}
   \item\label{P1}
   Li, C.; Ahmed, T.; Ma, M.; Edvinsson, T.; Zhu, J. %
   Photocatalytic properties of ZnO/CdS nanoarrays\\%
   \item \label{P2}
   Ahmed, T.; Edvinsson, T. %
   Photocatalytic activity of ultrasmall ZnO\\%
\end{listofpapers}

The above works in conjunction with the following definitions in the preamble:

\usepackage{cleveref}
\crefname{listofpapersc}{\textbf{\textsc{paper}}}{\textbf{\textsc{papers}}}
\Crefname{listofpapersc}{\textbf{\textsc{paper}}}{\textbf{\textsc{papers}}}
\creflabelformat{listofpapersc}{#2\textbf{\textsc{#1}}#3}

to give a nicely formatted Paper 1 (in small-caps in this case) in the text when we issue \cref{P1}.

Solution: new floating environment and a custom cleveref format per paper

I have limited time to type this up, so here goes.

\usepackage{newfloat} % for the DeclareFloatingEnvironment cmd
\usepackage[nameinlink]{cleveref}
\crefname{listofpapersc}{\textbf{\textsc{paper}}}{\textbf{\textsc{papers}}}
\Crefname{listofpapersc}{\textbf{\textsc{paper}}}{\textbf{\textsc{papers}}}
\creflabelformat{listofpapersc}{#2\textbf{\textsc{#1}}#3}

\DeclareFloatingEnvironment[within=none]{tableP1}
\crefformat{tableP1}{\textsc{#2tab.~#1#3}~of\space\cref{P1}}
\Crefformat{tableP1}{\textsc{#2Tab.~#1#3}~of\space\cref{P1}}
\crefrangeformat{tableP1}{\textsc{tabs.~#3#1#4--#5#2#6}~of\space\cref{P1}}
\Crefrangeformat{tableP1}{\textsc{Tabs.~#3#1#4--#5#2#6}~of\space\cref{P1}}
\crefmultiformat{tableP1}{%
   \scshape tabs.~#2#1#3}{%
   \:\&\:#2#1#3~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}{%
   , #2#1#3}{%
   \:\&\:#2#1#3~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}
\Crefmultiformat{tableP1}{%
   \scshape Tabs.~#2#1#3}{%
   \:\&\:#2#1#3~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}{%
   , #2#1#3}{%
   \:\&\:#2#1#3~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}
\crefrangemultiformat{tableP1}{%
   \scshape tabs.~#3#1#4--#5#2#6}{%
   \:\&\:#3#1#4--#5#2#6~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}{%
   , #3#1#4--#5#2#6}{%
   \:\&\:#3#1#4--#5#2#6~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}
\Crefrangemultiformat{tableP1}{%
   \scshape Tabs.~#3#1#4--#5#2#6}{%
   \:\&\:#3#1#4--#5#2#6~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}{%
   , #3#1#4--#5#2#6}{%
   \:\&\:#3#1#4--#5#2#6~\textnormal{of\space}\cref{P1}}

and repeat the last block (everything down from DeclareFloatingEnvironment) for figureP1, and for tableP2, figureP2, etc.

And then, for the pièce de résistance, in one fell swoop we abuse both the listofpapers environment and the phantomcaption command to create the labels that our cross-references will target:

\begin{listofpapers}
   \item\label{P1}
   Li, C.; Ahmed, T.; Ma, M.; Edvinsson, T.; Zhu, J. %
   Photocatalytic properties of ZnO/CdS nanoarrays\\%
      \bgroup
      \captionsetup{type=figureP2}
      \phantomcaption\label{fig:P1-schematic}
      \phantomcaption\label{fig:P1-mechanism}
      [... more figure labels as necessary ...]
      \egroup
      \bgroup
      \captionsetup{type=tableP2}
      \phantomcaption\label{tab:P1-parameters}
      \phantomcaption\label{tab:P1-rates}
      [... more table labels as necessary ...]
      \egroup
   \item \label{P2}
   Ahmed, T.; Edvinsson, T. %
   Photocatalytic activity of ultrasmall ZnO\\%
\end{listofpapers}

captionsetup needs to be constrained by an environment (the manual suggests a minipage, which works fine but occupies a little bit of vertical space on the page), and it turns out group works in this context and has the added benefit of occupying no space in the List of Papers.

With that, we can simply type \cref{fig:P1-schematic} in the source to produce a nicely formatted cross-reference in the output document. The use of small-caps, abbreviated label names, and the trailing of paper X is my way to make these references contrast with the normal, in-thesis cross-references.

Here's an example of how the typeset cross-references look like:

Links and notes

• https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/383587/plural-cref-with-custom-unnumbered-subsections
• https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/597048/cleveref-fig-for-citing-multiple-subfigures-from-the-same-figure-but-figs
• https://gist.github.com/ummels/3428745
• https://reddit.com/r/LaTeX/comments/5gv6al/reference_multiple_list_items_in_single/
• the cleveref manual
• the caption and subcaption manuals

A work in progress. Over 700 pages, encompassing band structure, symmetry and much more.
By Daniel Arovas, UC Santa Barbara.

Lectures on theoretical physics from Cambridge University professor David Tong.

David Tong at Cambridge is a gifted educator and communicator who has written lecture notes that span a wide swath of the physics curriculum, from introductory material on mechanics through advanced graduate-level treatments of quantum field theory. Truly, these are a fantastic resource, made freely available.

Link and quote thanks to Douglas Natelson (nanoscale views).

I particularly like his notes on solid state physics (which contains links to other resources).

• I figured out how to rename the headers, which involved editing longtab definitions, always a little tricky...
• Breaking issue with bib2gls v2.9, fixed by bib2gls author. Same issue on git.solarchemist.se. Related missing field "name" warning.

but more work remains to be done.

Good resources:

• https://www.dickimaw-books.com/software/bib2gls/
• https://dickimaw-books.com/faq.php
• https://dickimaw-books.com/featuretracker.php
• https://dickimaw-books.com/bugtracker.php

Sverige, som ett av få länder inom EU utan inhemsk produktion av konstgödsel, kan bli självförsörjande och en av de första exportörerna i världen av ammoniak och konstgödsel med låga koldioxidutsläpp.

Företaget har undertecknat ett “Memorandum of Understanding” med Region Norrbotten och Invest in Norrbotten, i syfte att främja och utveckla världens första anläggning för produktion av 100% grön ammoniak och konstgödsel.

Genom projektet Green Wolverine planeras en ny anläggning att etableras i Luleå-Boden regionen. Anläggningen blir innovativ i både dess design och utveckling, med mer än 600 MW elektrolysörer för produktion av vätgas, en anläggning för produktion av grön ammoniak som producerar 1500 ton/dag, och en årlig produktion av mer än en halv miljon ton konstgödsel och industriprodukter.

Grupo Fertiberia press release

Via Cornucopia

EU Hydrogen Important Project of Common European Interest, also called IPCEI

https://www.hydrogen4climateaction.eu/ipcei-on-hydrogen

The Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park project is intended to be expanded to a 5 GW capacity
using proton exchange membrane electrolysis
The company did not reveal further technical and financial details on the project.

• https://www.pv-magazine.com/2019/02/04/dewa-begins-work-on-hydrogen-facility-at-rashid-al-maktoum-park/
• https://www.pv-magazine.com/2021/05/20/dubais-first-green-hydrogen-project-comes-online/

Stockholms största enskilt takmonterade solcellsanläggning tas i drift i Tomteboda. Den ska generera 400 MWh per år.
Tomteboda samägs av Areim och Blackstone samt förvaltas av Obligo Real Estate.

Mälardalens högskola är projektledare, med Kärrbo prästgård, Solkompaniet och SLU som partners i projektet, som har finansiering från Energimyndigheten.

https://fossilfrittsverige.se/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Vatgasstrategi-for-fossilfri-konkurrenskraft-1.pdf

Vätgas är vår idag vanligaste industrigas i antalet användningsområden. Den används inom många olika sektorer – som råvara i många olika processer för att skapa många olika slutprodukter, som drivmedel, som energibärare för att lagra energi, i vissa fall även under längre tid.

https://www.vatgas.se/2021/04/22/sverige-staller-om-med-hjalp-av-vatgas/

Egypt's largest private solar power plant.

The new Kom Ombo plant will be located less than 20 km from Africa’s biggest solar park, the 1.8 GW Benban complex.

• https://projectsportal.afdb.org/dataportal/VProject/show/P-EG-FF0-013
• https://www.ebrd.com/news/2021/egypts-largest-solar-plant-kom-ombo-receives-us-114-million-financing-package-.html
• https://egyptianstreets.com/2021/04/23/egypts-largest-solar-power-plant-receives-114-million-maximizing-clean-energy-potential/
• https://www.utilities-me.com/news/17081-construction-of-egypts-200mw-kom-ombo-pv-solar-project-to-commence-in-q3-2021
• https://energyindustryreview.com/renewables/acwa-power-to-develop-200mw-kom-ombo-pv-project-in-egypt/

Sveriges äldsta nätanslutna solcellsanläggning fyllde 36 år i oktober 2020

The Australia-Asia PowerLink project (Sun Cable's AAPowerLink)

• Sun Cable plans capacity increase for world’s largest solar+storage project
• Major milestone for world’s biggest solar project
• https://www.wirecable.in/2021/04/suncable-project-solar-mfg-plant-darwin/
• https://newatlas.com/energy/sun-cable-australia-singapore-solar-undersea-powerlink/

Proposed project.
It's dwarfed by the proposed project in western Australia.